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Lymph Drainage Therapy (LDT) is an Osteopathy Lymphatic technique〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lymph Drainage Therapy / Brain Therapy- The latest techniques for proven success )〕 and a hands-on modality developed by physician and osteopath Bruno Chikly, inspired by the traditional work of osteopaths CE Miller (1920) (Miller C.E., 1920, 1923), FP Millard (1922) (Millard F.P., 1922), and Emil Vodder, PhD (1936) (Vodder E., 1936). LDT is the first technique〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Lymphatic Drainage Massage )〕 that enables practitioners to detect and palpate the specific rhythm, direction, depth and quality of the lymph flow in the superficial or deep tissue of the body. LDT is a therapy that affects interstitial and lymphatic system to activate the body liquid circulation〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Lymph Drainage Therapy )〕 and stimulate the effectiveness of the immune and parasympathetic nervous systems.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Wellness Therapies )〕 ==History== The lymphatic system went largely unrecognized by the medical community until the 17th century. This most likely can be attributed to the transparent nature of lymph and the difficulty in seeing lymphatic vessels during dissections. The people of ancient China, Sumeria, Babylon, Egypt and India had a vague idea of the lymph circulation of the body, but they did not understand the lymphatic system as a separate entity as we know it today.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= History of Osteopathy )〕 * The Greeks had witnessed some lymph vessels, primarily the ones in the intestines, because they carry more visible milk-like lymph (chyliferous vessels). It is possible that they also identified the thoracic duct. * The word "lymph" probably comes from the word "limpa," meaning limpid, clear. * In 1622, Italian physician Gasparo Asselli (1581-1626) discovered “milky veins” in a dog after it had undergone digestion. * In 1650-51, John Pecquet (1622-1674) from Dieppe, France, described in humans the thoracic duct, the largest lymphatic vessel of the body, and the "cisterna chyli," or "Pecquet’s cistern" as it came to be known. * Olaus Rudbeck (1630-1708) was a scientific genius from Sweden (Uppsala). He was the first anatomist to see and consider the lymphatic as a complete and specific system in the human body that could be compared to the venous circulatory systems. He can be referred to as the first man who truly discovered the lymphatic system.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= A brief history of The Lymphatic System )〕 * Andrew Taylor Still, M.D., D.O. (1828-1917), father of osteopathy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Andrew Taylor Still- The father of osteopathic medicine )〕 He was an allopathic surgeon and civil war surgeon. A.T. Still created a multidimensional approach to manual treatment in which, for the first time, the lymphatic system held a specific place (1874). A.T. Still described very few techniques in his writing, however, rare descriptions of his specific lymph techniques can be found in osteopathic literature. (see Silent Waves, 2nd edition.) * Earl C. Miller, D.O. (1887-1969) graduated from the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine and became a prolific writer and teacher on lymphatic fluid techniques. He created the manual technique called the “Miller thoracic pump technique” to enhance respiratory motion and increase lymphatic circulation (1920). A similar technique may have been applied by A.T. Still (Parker, E.T., Osteopathic Profession, 10 (), July 1, 1934). * Many lymphatic pump techniques have been developed: thoracic pump, pedal pump (Dalrymple pump), abdominal pump, splenic pump, liver pump. * Numerous osteopathic researches have been done on the lymphatic pumps. Thoracic or splenic pumps have been shown to modify immune function (Paul, 1986), to enhance immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharide (Measel, 1982), to increase the rate of B and T cells in peripheral blood (Measel and Katify, 1986), to enhance antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine (Jackson et al., 1998), and to improve respiratory function (Beicastro et al., 1984, Sleszynski and Kelso, 1993). Dery et al. (1998) demonstrated that lymphatic pumps increase the distribution rate of lymph in a healthy animal model. * Frederic P. Millard (1878-1951), a doctor of osteopathy from Toronto, who graduated in Kirksville in 1900 with William G. Sutherland (founder of cranial osteopathy). Millard’s first ideas involving lymphatics came around 1904. In 1922 he published Applied Anatomy of the Lymphatics. * Emil Vodder (1896-1986), a Danish massage practitioner and doctor of philosophy (1928), developed a precise manual technique for lymph drainage (MLD) between 1932 and 1936 in South France. It was not until 1967 that the German physician Johannes Asdonk, M.D., scientifically tested the technique in his clinic on 20,000 patients and established its medical effects and indications/contraindications. * Today in Europe, lymphatic drainage is commonly used in hospitals, is prescribed by M.D.s, and is reimbursed by insurance. Lymphology is a relatively new theoretical and clinical branch of medicine that studies the disorders of the lymphatic system. * Bruno Chikly, M.D., D.O., teaches for the first time through Lymph Drainage Therapy / Osteopathy Lymphatic Technique, how to identify the specific rhythm, direction, depth and quality of the lymph flow. Students are trained to feel and interact with the lymphatic flow in much the same manner as in work involving the cranial fluid. Advanced students are taught how to “map” the lymphatic pathways with their hands (Manual Lymphatic Mapping) as well as to assess the client before, during and after the session (full-body diagnosis) Reference: Chikly B, Quaghebeur J, Witryol W, (2014), A Controlled Comparison between Manual Lymphatic Mapping (MLM) of Plantar Lymph Flow and Standard Physiologic Maps Using Lymph Drainage Therapy (LDT) / Osteopathic Lymphatic Technique (OLT). J Yog Phys Ther 4: 173.doi:10.4172/2157-7595. 1000173 They also discover how to identify precise areas of the body where there is fluid retention or fibrosis, and then to find the most appropriate pathways for drainage. At even more advanced levels, practitioners learn how to work with the deep lymph circulation (periosteum, bones, muscles, tendons, viscera, chambers of the eyes, etc.), the interstitial fluid, the blood vessels, the fascia and many other components of the body.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Lymphatice Drainage and Massage with Aubrey Lesicki, LMP )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lymph drainage therapy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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